Utilization of Medium-Chain Triglycerides by Neonatal Pigs:

Effects of Emulsification and Dose Delivered^1,2

作者：Teresa M. Wieland, Xi Lin,and Jack Odle³

Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences,

University of Illinois, Urbana 61801

来源：J . Anim. Sci. 1993. 71:1863-1868

翻译：肠动力研究院

【摘要】4个实验共选用了出生24小时的86头的仔猪，评估对中链脂肪酸甘油酯(MCT)的利用。乳化和饲喂剂量对MCT利用的影响进行的测定。经哺乳4小时后，仔猪强饲MCT（含75%辛酸甘油酯、25%癸酸甘油酯），此时计为实验开始的0时。取1小时、2小时的血液样品，随后做中链脂肪酸分析。在实验1中（6头/处理）和实验2中（4头/处理），三种乳化剂对MCT的影响与未乳化的对照组（NE）比较。使用了20ml30%的乳化MCT、6ml未乳化MCT。用吐温80乳化的MCT在1小时的中链脂肪酸浓度是用阿拉伯胶/黄芪胶、磷脂乳化、非乳化MCT的中链脂肪酸浓度低3-19倍。实验3（8头/处理）和实验4（6头/处理）去测定血浆中链脂肪酸浓度，实验仔猪饲喂提高剂量的非乳化MCT（3,6,9,12ml）, 饲喂乳化的MCT油剂（2,4,6,8ml 用30%吐温乳化）。强饲9ml非乳化MCT和6ml乳化MCT后，1小时的血浆辛酸浓度呈线形增加（P<0.05）。观察到12头仔猪中有8头饲喂6或8ml乳化的MCT的仔猪出现短暂的昏迷现象，饲喂后1-2小时表现明显，大致与血浆中链脂肪酸浓度峰值的时刻相一致。总体来讲，这些研究表明乳化提高了MCT的消化和吸收利用率；在本实验条件下，吐温80相比于阿拉伯胶和大豆磷脂是一种更高效的乳化剂。然而，超量的乳化MCT的使用可能因提高循环系统脂肪酸浓度至中毒浓度而引发昏迷。

【关键词】仔猪 新生仔猪 中链脂肪酸甘油酯 脂肪酸 乳化 毒性

以下是实验中相关图表    

表1. 血浆辛酸和癸酸的浓度：1日龄仔猪胃插管饲喂6ml中链脂肪酸甘油酯（30%吐温80，阿拉伯胶、磷脂乳化）1和2小时后，与非乳化MCT对照组的值相对标准化。 

图1. 血浆辛酸浓度（mM）：1日龄仔猪胃插管饲喂3,6,9,12ml非乳化中链脂肪酸甘油酯油剂（MCT 含摩尔比为：75%C8 和25%C10，8头/处理）1和2小时后。MCT的剂量在1小时和2小时呈线型影响（P<0.05）。MCT的剂量在1小时呈二次方影响（P<0.1）

图2.血浆辛酸浓度（mM）：1日龄仔猪在胃插管饲喂2,4,6,8ml 中链脂肪酸甘油酯（MCT含摩尔比为：75%C8和25%C10）1小时和2小时后，MCT经吐温80乳化（6头/处理）。MCT的剂量在1和2小时呈线型影响（P<0.05）。MCT剂量在2小时呈三次方影响（P<0.05） 。

建议

研究结果显示:乳化提高了正常出生体重的仔猪对中链脂肪酸甘油酯的消化和吸收率。在本研究的条件下，吐温80是比阿拉伯胶和大豆磷脂更有效的乳化剂，意味着在实际生产中是乳化剂选择。虽然乳化能提高中链脂肪酸甘油酯的利用率，但需注意的是选择安全和适当的剂量，因为非常高的血浆中链脂肪酸浓度可能会中毒和导致仔猪死亡率升高。初生仔猪补充中链脂肪酸甘油酯是否能减少断奶前死亡率需要继续研究。

 

Abstract

Four trials were conducted using 86, 24-h-old pigs to evaluate the utilization of medium- chain triglycerides (MCT). Effects of emulsification and amount of MCT fed were examined. After a 4-h period during which feed was withheld, pigs were force-fed MCT (containing 75% octanoate and 25% decanoate), marking time 0 of the experiment. Blood samples were obtained at 1 and 2 h for subsequent medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) analysis. In Trials 1 (six pigs/treatment) and 2 (four pigs/treatment) the response to three emulsifying agents was compared to a nonemulsified ( N E) control. Twenty milliliters of a 30% (vol/vol) emulsion of MCT or 6 mL of NE MCT was administered. Concentrations of MCFA at 1 h in pigs receiving a Tween 80 (polyoxy-ethylene [201 sorbitan monooleate) emulsion were 3- to 19-fold higher than concentrations in animals administered a gum arabic/gum tragacanth emulsion, a lecithin emulsion, or NE MCT. Trials 3 (eight pigs/treatment) and 4 (six pigs/treatment) were conducted to deter- mine the plasma MCFA concentrations resulting from feeding increasing levels of NE (3, 6, 9, or 12 mL of MCT) or emulsified MCT oil (2,4,6,or 8 mL in a 30% Tween 80 emulsion). Plasma octanoate concentrations measured at 1 h increased linearly ( P < .05) with increasing MCT dosage through 9 mL of NE and 6 mL of emulsified MCT. A transient narcosis was observed in 8 of 12 animals that received 6 or 8 mL of emulsified MCT and was most pronounced 1 to 2 h after feeding, which roughly corresponded to peak plasma MCFA concentrations. Collectively, these studies indicate that emulsification increases the rate of digestion/absorption of MCT; Tween 80 was a more effective emulsifier than gum arabic or soy lecithin under the conditions employed. However, administration of excessive emulsified MCT may induce coma by increasing the concentrations of circulating fatty acids to toxic levels.

Keywords:Piglets, Neonates, Medium-Chain Triglycerides, Fatty Acids, Emulsification, Toxicity

Implications

The results herein suggest that emulsification increases the rate of digestion and(or) absorption of medium-chain triglycerides by pigs of normal birth weight. Under the conditions studied, Tween 80 was a more effective emulsifying agent than gum arabic or soy lecithin, suggesting that it may be the emulsifier of choice under practical conditions. Although emulsification could prove beneficial by improving the efficiency of medium-chain triglyceride utilization, caution must be exercised in selecting safe and adequate dosages because greatly elevated plasma medium-chain fatty acid concentrations may be intoxicating and could result in increased pig mortality. Whether supplementation of newborn pigs with medium-chain triglyceride will reduce preweaning mortality remains to be determined. 





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