Dietary tributyrin, an HDAC inhibitor, promotes muscle growth through enhanced terminal differentiation of satellite cells
作者:Robert L. Murray1 , Wei Zhang1, Marie Iwaniuk1, Ester Grilli2 & Chad H. Stahl1
1 Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland
2 Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
来源:Physiol Rep, 6 (10), 2018, e13706,https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13706
翻译:肠动力研究院 梁琦
【摘要】肌肉的生长和修复依赖于两种主要机制—肌细胞增生和蛋白质累积,研究发现,改变生肌谱系而促进肌源性干细胞(卫星细胞)的终末分化可对骨骼肌的生长和修复产生深远的影响。丁酸,作为一种组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)的抑制剂,在体外对卫星细胞增殖、分化为肌细胞具有积极的作用。在动物模型中,丁酸已被证明在修复肌肉损伤和提高增长效率方面具有良好的前景,但是丁酸对卫星细胞和骨骼肌生长发育的影响尚未得到阐明。基于此,本研究旨在通过2个试验来评估日粮添加干物质包被的三丁酸甘油酯(一种丁酸生成的前体物质)对仔猪模型中卫星细胞活性和肌肉生长发育的影响。
试验1中,30头杂交型雌性初生仔猪(24±6h,1.79±0.25kg)根据体重和窝群被分配成3个处理组。对照组:饲喂1kg代乳品;T.25组:喂食1kg代乳品+0.25%干物质包被的三丁酸甘油酯;T.5组:饲喂1kg代乳品+0.5%干物质包被的三丁酸甘油酯;每组10头,本试验为期21天。试验结束后收集初生仔猪的背最长肌(LD)展开分析。试验结果显示,三丁酸甘油酯不仅可以改变仔猪LD卫星细胞的肌源性,还能够增加DNA/蛋白质的比值。总之,该试验表明,0.5%三丁酸甘油酯具有增强肌肉生长的潜能。
试验2中,30头杂交型雌性初生仔猪(24±6h,1.54±0.32kg)被分成2×2因子处理组,仔猪分成两个阶段(1d-21d和22d-58d)饲喂且喂食的日粮不同,试验分组如下(1)CC组:饲喂代乳品+干物质基础日粮;(2)TC组:喂食含有0.5%三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品+保育日粮;(3)CT组:饲喂代乳品+含有0.5%三丁酸甘油酯的保育日粮;(4)TT组:喂食含有0.5%三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品+含有0.5%三丁酸甘油酯的保育日粮。其中CC组和TC组,每组6头;CT组和TT组,每组9头。本试验为期58天。试验结束后收集保育仔猪的LD展开分析,试验结果显示,试验结束时,初生阶段补充三丁酸甘油酯的仔猪其生长性能相应提高,并且腰部眼肌和肌纤维横截面积增加10%。而仅在保育阶段补充三丁酸甘油酯对仔猪肌肉生长或饲料转化率没有显著影响。
上述研究表明,三丁酸甘油酯是一种可通过提高卫星细胞的生肌作用而促进肌肉生长的有效促进剂。
【关键词】丁酸;HDAC抑制剂;生肌作用;卫星细胞;三丁酸甘油酯
以下为相关图表
表1:用于多重定量RT-PCR进行基因表达分析的引物和探针序列。
图1:第21天,从饲喂代乳品(n=10)或添加含有0.25%(T0.25,n = 10)或0.5%(T0.5,n= 9)三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品的仔猪背最长肌中提取的总蛋白和DNA。(A)LD肌肉组织中的蛋白质和DNA浓度(B)DNA:蛋白质比例的条形图。没有共同字母的上标值差异显著(P <0.05)。
表2:初生和保育阶段日粮添加三丁酸甘油酯对猪生产性能的影响
图2:第58天,在猪第12肋骨处取出背最长肌(LD)的横截面并用于免疫组织化学分析确定纤维横截面积(FCA)。所描绘的值基于初生仔猪对照(C,n = 12)或三丁酸甘油酯(T,n = 12)处理组。(A)第12肋(眼肌)处LD的横截面积;(B)通过免疫组织化学测定的LD肌肉FCA。(C)LD肌肉的FCA的免疫组织化学分析图。将肌纤维制成切片并用抗肌蛋白染色以显现肌纤维膜(绿色),使用Zeiss ZEN Pro自动图像分析计数> 400纤维/动物。用DAPI使细胞核着色。 P <0.05(*)表明差异显著。
图3:第21天,测定饲喂代乳品(n=10)或添加含有0.25%(T0.25,n = 10)或0.5%(T0.5,n= 9)三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品的初生仔猪背最长肌中卫星细胞的肌细胞生成素基因表达量,诱导分化后获取总RNA并通过RT-PCR测定肌细胞生成素的表达。在每个时间点将表达产物在动物内标准化为RPL4。不同的上标值表示差异显著,P <0.05。
图4:第21天,测定饲喂代乳品(n=10)或添加含有0.25%(T0.25,n = 10)或0.5%(T0.5,n= 9)三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品的初生仔猪背最长肌中总RNA量,通过定量RT-PCR测量Pax7和肌原性调节因子MyoD和肌细胞生成素(MyoG)的基因表达量。表达量在动物内标准化为RPL4。上标值差异不显著,P <0.10。
图5:将饲喂代乳品对照日粮(n = 10)或添加含有0.25%(T0.25,n = 10)或0.5%(T0.5,n = 9)三丁酸甘油酯的代乳品的21日龄仔猪的卫星细胞诱导分化48小时,(A)用抗MyHC(绿色)免疫荧光染色的肌管的代表性图像。用DAPI观察细胞核并使用Zeiss ZEN Pro自动图像分析计数。(B)条形图描绘了饲喂对照日粮或添加含有0.25%(T0.25,n=10)或0.5%(T0.5,n=9)三丁酸甘油酯仔猪的卫星细胞中的融合百分比(≥2的核MyHC的表达量/总细胞核)。上标值的不同表示差异显著,P <0.05。
Conclusion
三丁酸甘油酯是一种可通过提高卫星细胞的生肌作用而促进肌肉生长的有效促进剂。
Abstract
Muscle growth and repair rely on two main mechanisms – myonuclear accretion and subsequent protein accumulation. Altering the ability of muscle resident stem cells (satellite cells) to progress through their myogenic lineage can have a profound effect on lifetime muscle growth and repair. The use of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, butyrate, has had positive outcomes on the in vitro promotion of satellite cell myogenesis. In animal models, the use of butyrate has had promising results in treating myopathic conditions as well as improving growth efficiency, but the impact of dietary butyrate on satellite cells and muscle growth has not been elucidated. We investigated the impact of tributyrin, a butyrate prodrug, on satellite cell activity and muscle growth in a piglet model. Satellite cells from tributyrin-treated piglets had altered myogenic potential, and piglets receiving tributyrin had a ~40% increase in DNA:protein ratio after 21 days, indicating the potential for enhanced muscle growth. To assess muscle growth potential, piglets were supplemented tributyrin (0.5%) during either the neonatal phase (d1–d21) and/or the nursery phase (d21–d58) in a 2 9 2 factorial design. Piglets who received tributyrin during the neonatal phase had improved growth performance at the end of the study and had a ~10% larger loin eye area and muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Tributyrin treatment in the nursery phase alone did not have a significant effect on muscle growth or feed efficiency. These findings suggest that tributyrin is a potent promoter of muscle growth via altered satellite cell myogenesis.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that tributyrin is a potent promoter of muscle growth via altered satellite cell myogenesis.
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